Mohammad Hossein Sadat Hosseini Khajouei; Nazanin Pilevari; Reza Radfar; Ali Mohtashami
Abstract
In recent decades, researchers are turning to the potential of ABMs to study complex phenomena. Due to intrinsic interconnections, structural interactions and inter-dependencies, individual variations, and communications of various components, supply chain network should be accordingly treated as a complex ...
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In recent decades, researchers are turning to the potential of ABMs to study complex phenomena. Due to intrinsic interconnections, structural interactions and inter-dependencies, individual variations, and communications of various components, supply chain network should be accordingly treated as a complex adaptive system. ABM is dominant tool exploring the emergent behavior of supply chain network with numerous interactive agents. This paper aims to conduct a systematic literature review on the agent-based modeling in the concepts of supply chain and various fields of research. Using reputable databases, combining intended keywords and applying filters based on restrictions and indicators, a total of 123 relevant articles are selected from the valid journals and conferences in year 2010-2019, and 17 subjects in association with supply chain management and 23 subjects related to other fields are presented. Moreover, a brief history and the definition of the three basic areas including complex systems, complex adaptive system and agent-based modeling are provided. The main objective is to provide a perspective based on agent-based modeling and complex adaptive systems for researchers in different sciences and especially supply chain researchers, who are not sufficiently familiar with the philosophy and applications of these approaches.
Mojtaba Hajian Heidary
Abstract
During the last decade, many researchers have been attracted to study the role of uncertainties in their supply chain designs. Two important uncertainties of a supply chain are demand uncertainty and supply disruption. The basic concept of the proposed model of this paper is based on the newsvendor problem. ...
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During the last decade, many researchers have been attracted to study the role of uncertainties in their supply chain designs. Two important uncertainties of a supply chain are demand uncertainty and supply disruption. The basic concept of the proposed model of this paper is based on the newsvendor problem. The model consists of many retailers and many suppliers as two types of autonomous agents that interact with each other considering demand and supply uncertainties. To cope with the uncertainties, retailers have three choices: a forward contract, an option contract, and purchasing from the spot market. Retailers maybe risk sensitive or risk neutral. A new simulation optimization approach is developed to find the best behavior of a risk sensitive retailer in contrast with the other risk neutral retailers during the multiple contract periods. In this model two objectives are defined to find the best behavior of the risk sensitive retailer: the maximization of the profit and the service level. In order to optimize the agent based simulation, an NSGA-II approach is used. The proposed simulation based NSGA-II is further developed in two directions: the one is different realization numbers of the uncertain parameters, and the other is preference points. Under the different preference points and different number of realizations, Pareto optimal solutions are discovered by the collaboration of the agents. Results of the numerical studies showed that adopting more risk averse policies during the contract periods will result in a larger service level and smaller profit rather than adopting more risk taking policies.